国际刑警组织就郭文贵被红通回复VOA

中国富商郭文贵2017年4月19日接受美国之音普通话语组直播专访。

北京 — 中国官方证实，近日连续爆料中共高层复杂关系及领导人家族涉嫌非法敛财内幕的富商郭文贵受到国际刑警组织“红色通报”。 美国之音就此事咨询了国际刑警组织。
该组织4月19日回复指出，红色通报不是国际逮捕令，而是应成员国根据有效的国家逮捕令提出的请求而由总秘书处发布的临时逮捕一个人等候引渡的请求，其所有权归提出请求的成员国。
国际刑警组织官网通缉名单上目前查不到Guo Wengui或Miles Kwok(郭文贵的姓名中文或英文拼写)。郭文贵19日在接受美国之音中文部一个多小时的直播专访中表示，北京通过国际刑警组织发布逮捕他的红色通报是出于政治动机，目的在于阻止这次专访。
以下是国际刑警组织新闻办公室回复美国之音的电邮译文。
（保密级别：国际刑警组织仅限官方用途）
亲爱的先生／女士，
国际刑警组织190个成员国的任何一国警方与里昂总秘书处分享调查和逃犯相关信息时，该信息所有权仍然属于该成员国。因此，国际刑警组织不会就特定情况或个人发表意见，除非在特殊情况下，经有关成员国批准。
关于你就这个人（指郭文贵）提出的咨询要求，我们建议你联系你认为可能进行调查的国家当局。
如果国际刑警组织接到就一项逮捕令发出红色通报的请求，经过审查以确保该请求符合我们的规则和条例之后，这一信息将发送给我们所有的190个成员国。
除此之外，成员国可以选择在国际刑警组织网站https://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons上发布“红色通报”的简略版本。
如果没有发布红色通报，这是因为没有提出请求或发出针对该人的红色通报，或者因为请求国要求不公布。
红色通报是应成员国根据有效的国家逮捕令提出的请求而由总秘书处发布的临时逮捕一个人等候引渡的请求 。这不是国际逮捕令。
有关个人受到国家司法机构（或国际刑事法庭，如适用）通缉，国际刑警组织的作用是协助国家警察查明或找出这些人员，以期使其被捕和引渡。
红色通知仅发给国际刑警组织成员国，条件是提出请求的国家中央当局提供总秘书处要求的所有资料。
国际刑警组织总秘书处不派人员逮捕红色通报所涉及者。
但是，国际刑警组织的许多成员国却认为，红色通报是一项有效的临时逮捕请求，特别是如果它们通过双边引渡条约与请求国相关联。在根据红色通报进行逮捕的情况下，这些逮捕行动是由国际刑警组织成员国的国家警察官员实施的。
国际刑警组织不能坚持或强迫任何成员国逮捕红色通报所涉及的个人。国际刑警组织也不能要求任何成员国应另一成员国请求而采取任何行动。每个国际刑警组织成员国在其境内自行决定赋予红色通报何种法律价值。
（附原文）
Confidentiality Level : INTERPOL For official use only
Dear Sir/Madam,
If or when police in any of INTERPOL’s 190 member countries share information with the General Secretariat in Lyon in relation to investigations and fugitives, this information remains under the ownership of that member country. INTERPOL does not therefore comment on specific cases or individuals except in special circumstances and with approval of the member country concerned.
With regard to your request in relation to this individual, we would advise you to contact the authorities in the country where you believe there may be an investigation ongoing.
If INTERPOL is asked to send out a Red Notice in response to an arrest warrant, following a review to ensure the request conforms with our rules and regulations, the information will be sent out to all our 190 member countries.
In addition to this, member countries have the option of having an abridged version of the Red Notice posted on INTERPOL’s website https://www.interpol.int/Wanted-Persons
If no Red Notice is published, this is either because one has not been requested or issued for that person, or the requesting country has asked that it not be publicized.
A Red Notice is a request to provisionally arrest an individual pending extradition issued by the General Secretariat upon the request of a member country based on a valid national arrest warrant. It is not an international arrest warrant.
The individuals concerned are wanted by national jurisdictions (or International Criminal Tribunals, where appropriate) and INTERPOL’s role is to assist national police forces in identifying or locating those individuals with a view to their arrest and extradition.
Red Notices are only issued to INTERPOL member countries if the requesting National Central Bureau (NCB) has provided all the information required by the General Secretariat.
INTERPOL’s General Secretariat does not send officers to arrest individuals who are the subject of a Red Notice.
Many of INTERPOL’s member countries however, consider a Red Notice a valid request for provisional arrest, especially if they are linked to the requesting country via a bilateral extradition treaty. In cases where arrests are made based on a Red Notice, these are made by national police officials in INTERPOL member countries.
INTERPOL cannot insist or compel any member country to arrest an individual who is the subject of a Red Notice. Nor can INTERPOL require any member country to take any action in response to another member country’s request. Each INTERPOL member country decides for itself what legal value to give Red Notice within their borders.
Regards,
Press Office

VOA 2017.04.20